Barracks
Note
When you build 1 of something, you only build a part of a building; each part takes 1 land. Having 1 part of a 10-part building is less than half as effective as 2 parts of a 10-part building. The closer to the completion of a building, the more efficient it becomes. For example, 10 of 10 Training Fields is 100% effective while 9 of 10 Training Fields is only 81% effective.
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General Effects
Barracks reduce the maintenance cost of all hired Military Units and storeWeapons and suits of Armor. A complete barrack requires 2 parts and houses 1,000 troops and stores 1,000 Weapons and 1,000 suits of Armor. You need to have troops housed or they will leave your kingdom.
The Numbers
When defending, excess Laborers/Scholars (if you have no War Machines) will not fight and thus you can "over stock" your kingdom by the number of labs + scholars you have on your kingdom. This will allow you to obtain greater Poison Water resistance and other resistances against spells if you have enough gold.